Artificial Birth Control Essay

Fake conception prevention strategies have been utilized for a huge number of years. The hieroglyphics of antiquated Egyptians show a figure of an Egyptian male wearing a gadget around the penis to help forestall pregnancy during intercourse. Also, there are different societies which use condoms made of cloth or creature digestive organs. Up to this point, antiquarians and scientists are as yet bantering on whether the condoms are for ceremonial purposes or not. â€Å"Artificial Birth Control† is most generally heard according to strict lessons on family arranging. Numerous areas particularly religion support the utilization of characteristic family arranging rather than counterfeit anti-conception medication since they accept that utilizing fake contraception is inverse to God’s will. Be that as it may, there are likewise non-strict individuals who favored not to utilize fake conception prevention for individual, moral or clinical reasons. Fake contraception can be characterized as any item, strategy or practice that utilizes counterfeit or unnatural intends to forestall pregnancy. Hindrance strategies, for example, condoms, Intra uterine Devices (copper), stomachs, cervical top, and wipe, hormonal techniques, for example, the pill, IUDs (hormonal), and crisis contraception. There are additionally infusions, spermicides, and careful sanitization systems, for example, tubal ligation and vasectomy which are totally viewed as counterfeit conception prevention strategies. This paper incorporates the various kinds and instances of counterfeit contraception and their preferences and inconveniences. Condoms A condom is a gadget made of fine elastic (latex). It stays away from undesirable pregnancies and explicitly transmitted infections (STDs), including AIDS and HIV. The utilization of condoms is one of the least demanding, generally dependable and successful techniques. Yet, one should take hardly any prudent steps before utilizing it; they should guarantee that it isn't torn or cracked and that they are utilizing it before the expiry date. For a male condom, the man covers his penis with a condom during sex so as to keep the sperm from entering the vagina. A female condom is additionally made if fine elastic (latex) that when utilized it must be completely adjusted to vagina. The two sorts of female condom are the FC or FC2 female condom and the VA w.o.w. Condom Feminine. The FC female condom is a 17 cm (6.5 inches) long. There is an adaptable ring at each end. At the shut finish of the sheath, the adaptable ring is embedded into the vagina to stay the condom set up. While at the open end, the ring remains outside the vulva at the passageway to the vagina. The VA w.o.w. Condom Feminine when not extended is around 9 cm (3.5 inches) †however it is versatile. It has an adjusted triangular edge at the open end and a wipe inside the shut end, which assists with holding the condom inside the vagina. Condoms are handily gotten, modest, successful, it ensures against explicitly transmitted sickness, and it perhaps lessens danger of cervical malignancy. In any case, it intrudes on the foreplay, it decreases affectability for both or either accomplice, it requires incredible consideration, and it once in a while causes hypersensitivity. Intra uterine Devices (IUD) †Copper IUD is an anti-conception medication gadget made of delicate plastic and has the state of the English letter T and is set in the uterus. It is a drawn out strategy that forestalls pregnancy for 3-5 years. Copper is twisted on the lower part and on the tip of the T are the two strings. With the assistance of the strings, ladies can check on the off chance that it is embedded appropriately. Copper T doesn't make any issues during sex and it tends to be utilized following labor. However, in contrast to condoms, it doesn't shield the client from AIDS and other explicitly transmitted sicknesses. Stomach Stomach is a dainty elastic arch with a versatile and adaptable edge. It is embedded into the vagina and fits over the cervix that is hold set up by vaginal muscles. The stomach holds spermicide set up over the cervix; spermicide murders sperm and forestalls treatment. Stomachs are 86-94% successful as anti-conception medication. It is modest, the female accomplice is the one that assumes the liability, there is no interference during intercourse, there is no loss of sensation for either accomplice, it lessens of microscopic organisms related STDs, couples may feel less hindered when the lady is bleeding, and pre †threat and cervical harm are diminished. However, it is awkward to embed and expel from vagina, it requires a specialist to fit and check it, it requires arrangement, some male accomplices know about the top and dislike it, there is no insurance against viral conditions, for example, herpes simplex or HIV, it in some cases cause hypersensitivity, and it can't be fitted before first intercourse, if there is a vaginal septum or utero-vaginal prolapsed. Cervical Cap Cervical top is a gadget embedded into the vagina that fits over the cervix to hindered the sperm from entering the uterus and forestalls treatment. After intercourse, it ought to be left set up for 8 hours. Cervical spreads are 84-91% compelling at forestalling pregnancy for ladies who have never conceived an offspring and 68-74% viable for ladies who have conceived an offspring. Cervical top can be embedded numerous prior hours sex, it is anything but difficult to haul around, it is agreeable to utilize, it doesn't adjust menstrual cycle and influence future fruitfulness, and it might assist the client with bettering know her body. In any case, cervical top doesn't secure against HIV or AIDS, it requires a fitting in a center, it is hard to embed or expel, it very well may be unstuck during sex, and there can be conceivable unfavorably susceptible responses. Anti-conception medication Sponge The anti-conception medication wipe is made of plastic froth that contains spermicide. It is delicate, round, and around two (2) crawls in width. It has a nylon circle appended to the base for evacuation and it is embedded profound into the vagina before sex. The wipe maintains a strategic distance from pregnancy by shielding sperm from getting together with an egg. The wipe may cover the cervix and hinders the sperm from entering the uterus or it can consistently discharge a spermicide that shields the sperm from moving. The conception prevention wipe can be conveyed in pocket or satchel, it can’t be felt by either accomplice, it has no impact on a woman’s regular hormones, it doesn't interfere with sex play, and it tends to be utilized during breastfeeding. However, it might be hard for certain ladies to embed or expel the wipe, it might cause vaginal aggravation, and it might make sex excessively untidy or too dry since wipe requires a lot of fluid. Prophylactic Pills Most hormonal anti-conception medication strategies contain the hormones estrogen and progestin, albeit some contain progestin as it were. Hormonal prophylactic pills work by keeping females from ovulating or discharging eggs from their ovaries every month, and by diminishing the covering of the uterus to shield a pregnancy from embedding. Without an egg to be prepared by sperm, pregnancy can't happen. Prophylactic pill is an extremely compelling contraception however there are additionally symptoms like huge emotional episodes and diminished charisma. Intra uterine Devices (IUD) †Hormonal Hormonal uterine gadgets some of the time called Intra Uterine Systems were first presented in 1990. It discharges levonorgestrel, a progestogen, and might be utilized for a long time. Hormonal Intra Uterine Devices don't expand seeping as dormant and copper-containing IUDs do. Or maybe, they diminish menstrual draining or forestall monthly cycle out and out, and can be utilized as a treatment for menorrhagia (overwhelming periods). The utilization of Intra Uterine Systems brings about much lower foundational progestogen levels than other extremely low-portion progestogen-just hormonal contraceptives; they may potentially have a portion of a similar reactions like loss of charisma, conceivable cervical malignant growth, vaginal contamination, tension and apprehension, and agony in lower abs. Crisis Contraception The crisis contraception is otherwise called a next day contraceptive. It is a sheltered and successful approach to forestall pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. It tends to be begun as long as five days or 120 hours after unprotected intercourse. The hormone in a next day contraceptive forestalls pregnancy by thickening a woman’s cervical bodily fluid and by diminishing the coating of the uterus. The bodily fluid squares sperm and shields it from getting together with an egg which could forestall pregnancy by shielding a treated egg from appending to the uterus. Infusions Infusions are 99% powerful that is planned at regular intervals. Depo-Proveraâ ®, one of the two kinds that are currently accessible, contains progesterone that is like what the body produces. It keeps arrival of the egg from the ovary and causes changes in cervical bodily fluid and the covering of the uterus. The subsequent one is the Lunelleâ ® which contains two hormones like the pill, so it has indistinguishable reactions from the pill. Spermicides Spermicides can come in various structure like cream, gel, froth, film, and suppositories. Most spermicides contain nonoxynol-9 which is a compound that murders sperm. Spermicides immobilize and slaughter the sperm before they can swim into the uterus. To be successful, the spermicide must be put somewhere down in the vagina, near the cervix. Creams, gels, and froths are spurted into the vagina utilizing an implement. Be that as it may, spermicides are progressively powerful when utilized with another strategy for conception prevention, for example, a condom or stomach. Spermicides are just powerful for 60 minutes, not all ladies can utilize it and some have an unfavorably susceptible response to the substances. Sanitization Sanitization is a type of conception prevention and all the methods are intended to be changeless. For females (Tubal Ligation), a minor activity that obstructs a woman’s fallopian tubes, the cylinders that convey the egg to the uterus; female cleansing works by hindering the egg from arriving at sperm. For guys (Vasectomy), requires minor medical procedure on the scrotum to cut the vasa deferentia, the cylinders that convey sperm. This activity shields sperm from blending into the semen when men discharge. Without sperm, fertilizati

Group Dynamics in Psychology Essay -- Papers

Questions and Answers About Group Dynamics in Psychology 1. How does every last one of the two fit the meaning of a gathering? Social-In my social gathering, plainly we are an assortment of people guided by jobs and standards. We, as companions, plainly impact one another, fulfill individual needs through affiliation, and could be named a unit because of our regular connection and degree of similiarity. I likewise notice an incredible level of reliance. That is, evnts influencing one will in general influence all of us here and there or another. Work-Contrastingly, in my work gathering, I don't discover as much comparability and individual need satisfaction. In this gathering, I watch a more prominent accentuation on objective accomplishment. At work, we accomplish objectives that we would some way or another be not able to achieve independently. I too perceive a feeling of relationship as we are completely influenced by changes including any single representative. 2. Name the five fundamental components for viability in gatherings and examine each as for the two gatherings. a) Positive Interdependence Social: In my social gathering for instance, we regularly help one another with the end goal that we can achieve gathering objectives and needs. I recollect one episode in secondary school w... ...ate into individual assaults. 10. Examine the significance of activity hypothesis and figuring out how to Group Dynamics (in your own words). By what method can your realizing experience be upgraded by your conduct? So as to be a successful contributer to a gathering, one must know about the results of their different practices. What's more, one must have an entrenched arrangement of activity hypotheses from which to pick when endeavoring to arrive at an ideal result. Moreover so as to guarantee bunch achievement, people must have the option to perceive when conduct becomes inadequate with the end goal that activity hypotheses can be altered. This learning procedure can be upgraded by the readiness to face challenges and test with various practices. As Herbert Otto said Change and development happen when an individual has gambled himself and sets out to get engaged with exploring different avenues regarding his own life.

International marketing communication Assignment

Universal promoting correspondence - Assignment Example This paper targets utilizing Nike case investigation to investigate the guarantees and hazards of globalization in the advanced society. The paper is reacting to the inquiries identified with the topic of conversation, and a determination is given as a summation of the guarantee and dangers of globalization. Established in 1964, Nike (at first Blue Ribbon Sports) has become a worldwide famous producer of sports’ apparatuses and its personal stake in sports style has earned a worldwide market as the world head in plan, dispersion and promoting of athletic footwear (Frisch, 2009). Nike organization re-appropriated its shoe creation in lower-cost areas as a methodology of underselling its rivals and break into the serious market. It created solid working associations with other shoe makers in the area, and this caused it to have a serious piece of the pie (Mahon, 2009; Kobayashi, 2012). For example in Japan, it had a working relationship with Nippon Rubber and Nihon-Koyo however because of the tight work advertise and a move in the dollar/yen conversion scale, Nike severed and re-appropriated different choices focusing on lower-cost makers. This systems administration with other lead makers and providers empowered Nike to open up assembling plants in different pieces of the world jus t as have a piece of the overall industry of its items (Frisch, 2009). The creation cost of a facilitating nation decided Nike’s future. At the point when the expense of creation expanded, Nike Company moved into lower-cost nations where it will break into the footwear showcase with cutting edge models of athletic shoe. As such globalization has empowered Nike to extend the market for its items all through the world (Frankiewicz and Churchill, 2011). Through connecting with other lead providers, Nike widen its piece of the overall industry by building up assembling plants over the world and putting its workers in these recently settled

Management & Organisational Behaviour - The Change is Coming Essay

The executives and Organizational Behavior - The Change is Coming - Essay Example If there should be an occurrence of Tracey Foods Production, representative inspiration is probably going to go down in view of the normal changes in the authoritative frameworks. For this situation, it is the obligation of the directors to find a way to manufacture the degree of worker inspiration to put forth them put their attempts in expanding the profitability of the organization. Correspondence with workers and other staff individuals is likewise vital so as to roll out authoritative improvements viable and result-situated. In addition, the top administration of the organization additionally needs to find a way to rebuild the way of life and work approach so as to cause the organization to achieve its objectives viably and productively. Answer 1: 1. Requirement for Increasing Motivation is the way to expanded worker efficiency. It is basic for the administration of an organization to find a way to construct worker inspiration. Williams (2010, p. 1) states, â€Å"Motivating ind ividuals to accomplish their best work, reliably, has been a suffering test for officials and managers†. Be that as it may, worker and the board inspiration could be influenced because of the progressions that are brought inside an association because of the fluctuation in inner and outside condition. ... Those human needs incorporate requirement for power, requirement for association, and requirement for accomplishment. The top administration of Tracey Food Production can utilize this hypothesis to make workers mindful of their needs of intensity and accomplishment which can at last be utilized for expanding the inspiration level of representatives regardless of the every single foreseen change. 2.1 Need for Power One of the necessities of representatives is power. Workers need to be remembered for dynamic issues, just as in other administrative undertakings somewhat. To assemble representative inspiration organizations can share some administration power with the key workers. They can likewise include the workers in dynamic issues to cause them to feel esteemed. In addition, counseling representatives in making diverse business techniques, just as in setting worker advantage systems can likewise demonstrate compelling for an organization. Every representative needs to be contemplate d during the period of dynamic or technique advancement. Hence, if Tracey Food thinks about these requirements of representatives while creating or executing methodologies, the outcomes would be useful for the organization. for instance, if the administration welcomes representatives to give their proposals in business arranging, they will feel esteemed and the degree of their inspiration increment will increment also. 2.2 Need for Achievement The requirement for accomplishment is the need of a person to achieve his/her own and expert objectives. Tracey Food Production can make representatives mindful of the significance of accomplishing company’s objectives in an opportune way. The top administration of the organization can spur the representatives to make a solid effort to show signs of improvement work positions which can assume a critical job in the achievement of their own objectives. In addition,

Environmental and Social Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in Botany Bay Free Essays

Natural and Social Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in Botany Bay; When arranging seaward wind cultivates the accompanying effects are concentrated to ensure the purposed venture has a net advantage earth. Steps would then be able to be taken to deal with any negative effect coming about because of the development of the breeze ranches. Ecological Impact: Botany Bay has a differing marine life the effect of the breeze turbines on the earth; have shockingly appeared to create fake reefs. We will compose a custom exposition test on Ecological and Social Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in Botany Bay or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now An ongoing report; â€Å"Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities†(Leonhard, Stenberg, Stottrup;2011) has delivered positive outcomes delineating the turbines have no unfriendly impact to the marine life; and has really expanded the number of inhabitants in certain types of fish in the zone. It is additionally demonstrated the most unsettling influence will coming in the development phase of creation. Wind cultivates additionally would have consequences for the nearby flying creature life; as both a crash chance with the rotors and aggravation and obstruction impact to relocating winged creatures. Plant science Bay is noted to have near seventeen types of shorebirds provoking the requirement for additional exploration to be taken a gander at feathered creature conduct the territory. Social Impact: Many investigations have been created to audit wind turbines impact on the soundness of individuals; an Australian examination â€Å"Wind Turbines and Health† (National Health and Medical Research Council, 2010) presumed that general breeze ranches have negligible wellbeing impacts contrasted with wellbeing weights of regular power age. The idea of â€Å"wind turbine syndrome† incorporates the more regrettable of the unfriendly medical problems; engaged with hear misfortune and a sleeping disorder coming about because of commotion levels of the breeze cultivates however it is by and large accepted to be a nocebo response to the nearness of wind turbine. The commotion level of 10 turbines at 350 meters is 35-45 dbA, in contrast with a standard calm room being 35 dbA. The principle real medical problem incorporates disturbance sway by local people and as indicated by World Health Organization (WHO; 1999) inconvenience is an unfriendly wellbeing impact. Regarding the arranged breeze ranch at Botany Bay’s region; planning seaward incredibly diminishes the sound and visual effect; Being out of sight to have no shadow flash with no impact. Additionally situated in such a urban zone sound from city is found to balance the clamor level of the breeze turbines (Ion Paraschivoiu). Recreational angling in Botany Bay is a huge fascination in Botany Bay with business angling right now restricted. A few fake reefs were development in 2006 to help fish living spaces. With the capability of progressively fake reefs from the breeze ranches; marine untamed life will hope to flourish; anyway working of seaward wind homesteads will present security issues to angling in the zone. Shutting angling regions nearest to the breeze ranches might be important to give legitimate wellbeing; which will in all likelihood aggravate nearby anglers. Ecological and Social effect of seaward wind ranches can't be messed with and for more intensive look on such impacts appropriate nitty gritty examination must be made on the encompassing untamed life and populace of Botany Bay. Book reference NSW Department of Primary Industries. (2006). Six fake reefs for Botany Bay. Accessible: http://www. dpi. nsw. gov. au/chronicle/news-discharges/angling and-aquaculture/2006/counterfeit reefs-plant science sound Last got to 12 Oct 2012. Science Daily. (2010). Seaward Wind Power and Wave Energy Devices Create Artificial Reefs. Accessible: http://www. sciencedaily. com/discharges/2010/01/100118132130. htm Last got to 12 Oct 2012. The Fish Site News Desk. (2010). Seaward Wind Power Creates Artificial Reefs. Accessible: http://www. thefishsite. com/fishnews/11577/seaward wind-power-makes fake reefs Last got to 12 Oct 2012. Hazel Watson. (2010). Shorebirds of Botany sound. Accessible: http://www. wetrivers. unsw. edu. au/look into ventures/shorebirds/shorebirds-of-herbal science inlet/Last got to 12 Oct 2012. The Society for Wind Vigilance. (2010). Disturbance and Wind Turbines. Accessible: http://www. windvigilance. com/about-antagonistic wellbeing impacts/inconvenience and-wind-turbines Last got to 12 Oct 2012. Magnus Johnson. (2009). Fisheries, the earth and seaward wind ranches: Location, area, area.. Available:http://www. the scholarly world. edu/892929/Fisheries_the_environment_and_offshore_wind_farms_Location_location_location Last got to 12 Oct 2012. Feasible Development Commission (United Kingdom) (SDC), (2005): Wind Power in the UK: A manual for the key issues encompassing coastal breeze power advancement in the UK, Government of the United Kingdom, England. Accessible at: http://www. sdcommission. organization. uk/World Health Organization (2004): Energy, supportable turn of events and wellbeing. Foundation record for the Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, 23-25 June 2004, Geneva. Rogers A, Manwell J Wright S. (2006): Wind Turbine Acoustic Noise. Sustainable power source Research Laboratory, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Wind Turbine Design: With Emphasis on Darrieus Concept by Ion Paraschivoiu Step by step instructions to refer to Environmental and Social Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in Botany Bay, Papers

Types of Depression Commonly Found in Teens

Types of Depression Commonly Found in Teens Depression Childhood Depression Print Types of Depression Commonly Found in Teens By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Aron Janssen, MD on November 19, 2019 linkedin Aron Janssen, MD is board certified in child, adolescent, and adult psychiatry and is the vice chair of child and adolescent psychiatry Northwestern University.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Aron Janssen, MD Updated on January 22, 2020 More in Depression Childhood Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Suicide Depression is common during adolescence and it  may look different in teens than adults. Teens often seem more irritable than sad when theyre depressed. But, not all depression is created equal. The word depression is used to describe a variety of conditions. There are four main types of depression that commonly affect teenagers. Recognizing the signs and symptoms can be key to getting a teen treatment. And early intervention can often be key to successful treatment.   1. Adjustment Disorder With Depressed Mood An adjustment disorder occurs in response to a life event.  Moving to a new school, the death of a loved one or dealing with a parents’ divorce are examples of changes that can spur an adjustment disorder in teens. Adjustment disorders begin within a few months of the event and may last up to six months.?? If symptoms persist beyond six months, another diagnosis would be more appropriate. Although brief in nature, adjustment disorders can interfere with sleep, school work, and social functioning. Your teen may benefit from talk therapy to teach him new skills or help him cope with the stressful situation. 2. Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) is a low grade, chronic depression that lasts for more than a year. Teens with dysthymia are often irritable and they may have low energy, low self-esteem, and feelings of hopelessness. Their eating habits and sleeping patterns may also be disturbed. Frequently, dysthymia interferes with concentration and decision making. Its estimated that roughly 11 percent of teens, ages 13 to 18, experience dysthymia.?? Although dysthymia isn’t as severe as major depression, the long duration can take a serious toll on a teen’s life. It can interfere with learning, socialization, and overall functioning. Dysthymia also makes a teen more susceptible to other mood disorders later in life. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication are often very effective in treating dysthymia.   3. Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of depression followed by periods of mania or hypomania (a less severe form of mania). Both the depressive and manic states will last anywhere from a couple of weeks to many months. Symptoms of mania include a reduced need for sleep, difficulty focusing, and a short-temper. During a manic episode, a teen is likely to talk fast, feel very happy or silly, and be willing to engage in risky behavior. Many teens engage in high-risk sexual behavior during a manic episode.?? Teens with bipolar disorder will likely experience significant impairment in their daily functioning. Their severe mood changes interfere with their education and friendships. Bipolar is treatable but not curable. Bipolar is usually best treated with a combination of medication and therapy. 4. Major Depression   Major depression is the most serious form of depression. It is estimated that 13 percent of teens, ages 12 to 17, experienced at least one episode of major depression in 2017, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.?? Younger children have about equal rates of depression based on gender. After puberty, however, girls are twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression.?? Symptoms of major depression include persistent sadness and irritability, talk about suicide, a lack of interest in enjoyable activities and frequent reports of physical aches and pains. Major depression can cause severe impairments at home and at school. Treatment usually involves therapy and may include medication. Treatment for Depression Unfortunately, many teens go undiagnosed and untreated. Often, adults dont recognize the signs of depression in young people. If you notice changes in your teens mood or behavior that lasts longer than two weeks, schedule an appointment with the doctor. Express your concerns and describe the symptoms that youre seeing. Make it clear to your teen that you dont think shes weak or crazy. Instead, talk about a mental health issue the same way you would discuss a physical health problem. Explain that emotional problems need healing the same way physical health problems do. And sometimes, depression  requires an exam and treatment beyond what youre able to do at home. Find Help With the 7 Best Online Resources for Depression Your childs physician may refer you to a psychotherapist or a psychiatrist for further assessment and treatment. Talk therapy, family therapy, group therapy, and medication may be treatment options. Treatment will be based on the type of depression your teen has and the severity of her symptoms.

Restrictions on Marketing Activities in Islamic Countries - 550 Words

Restrictions on Marketing Activities in Islamic Countries (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Tutor:Course Number:Date:RESTRICTIONS ON MARKETING ACTIVITIES IN ISLAMIC COUNTRIESSeveral factors challenge marketing in Islamic countries. The setup of advertising in these countries is complicated in the perception of the Western norms. In consequence, it has been an alarming issue as Muslims do not match their culture with that of the western world. The products from the west are popular in these countries, but their promotion is restricted since their religion and culture has to be respected and adhered.The Western goods face rejection since the targeted Islamic consumers mostly want to conform to their old commodities of Islamic origin. The products from the Western world are also not considered to comply with the Sharia law thus not Halal. For instance, wine, pork, and meat exported to their country and is slaughtered. Thus, influencing certain categories of commodities such as food and drinks, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. More so, the Islamic countrie s want to promote their brands at the global level just like the Western world. In consequence, it acts as a hindrance to the marketing activity (Terpstra 132). As a result, it has facilitated increased number of the educated middle class in these countries creating a thrust of developing local businesses and commodities that are highly competitive with the Western brands. Therefore, creating an unfriendly atmosphere to the Western brands.The Islamic religion poses some restrictions on marketing in many ways. Religion, for instance, dictates the acceptance of some foods, clothing, and behavior which in turn influences the reaction to some promotional utterances to be accepted or rejected. For instance, in Muslim countries, if advertisements give so much attention to physical functions, the promotions are regarded as immoral, the commodities would thus be rejected. An example of how the Islamic religion influences marketing is in the Middle East where the selling and marketing of por k products are illegal.Islamic faith also dictates the role of women in business where their position differs from those in the Western countries. It has an implication in marketing where an advertising company cannot use women as marketing personnel and their consumption role may be a challenge. In Islamic countries, advertisers only access women through female sales representatives, direct advertising, and female specialty shops (FAM et al., 540). In Saudi Arabia, women do not drive their cars; they do not own private businesses and restrictions are imposed on men from entering the few retail businesses owned by women. Thus, male marketers cannot access women in their activities thus restricting the marketing process.The structure of marketing in Islamic countries has its distinct features: the type of commodities, the profit margin, and the nature of business dealings. These features together dictate the philosophy of the marketing tactics to be incorporated so as to conform to the Islamic framework of values and principles (FAM et al., 550). Different Islamic cultures influence marketing. For instance, the responsibilities of family and the traditions of the tribe portray the importance of respected family members, oral communication and customer referrals may be essential. Therefore, a marketer should emphasize on family roles when promoting home related commodities. Sales...