Professional Ethics Essay - 1208 Words

What Are Professional Ethics The nature of ethics in a professional setting are a frame work of agreements and understandings that have come together in order to ensure a mutually beneficial relationship between all parties. This is the case in any kind of business relationship was well as the in the field of the helping profession. However I think it is more so the case in the helping profession than any other due to the nature of the relationship. In a business venture the parties are more or less equal relatively speaking. They seek out and engage in practices that are profitable; however, sometimes a lack of ethics can overtake and lead them astray. Instances of insider trading are an example of this, unbalanced and therefore unethical†¦show more content†¦More simply put ethics keep â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† on an even keel. They allow us to navigate when all points of reference are lost in a fog and the only guide we have is our own moral compass. What I Have Learned I feel like this course has affirmed many of the ethical principles I have always held. Although, this is not to say that I did not learn anything. I think that the questions and situations posed in this class were indeed some of the harder I have ever seen and had been asked to answer. This by default only serves to broaden my ethical standpoint and fine tune my ethical compass. But at the same time I feel that I was not able to answer some of the questions without leaving some kind of shortfall of one party or the other. I think this speaks to the complexity and density of the situations we were asked to traverse. On the same token I think in some instances we were asked to circumvent the rules in order to arrive at the best possible answer for the person involved. While this, in some cases, can deliver a positive outcome it exposes the provider by eliminating certain safe guards that are meant to protect both client and counselor. These instance need to be taken case by case and c ombine with a certain level of finesse in order to deliver positive results. Although these situations can arise at any given time the must be carefully weighed out and tread through very lightly.Show MoreRelatedEthics Paper : Professional Certifications1286 Words   |  6 Pages Ethics paper Professional Certifications In the physical therapy field, it is very important to continue education to better understand the need to be effective in restore mobility, relieve pain and reduce the need for surgery and prescription drugs. Being knowledgeable increases marketability. The great thing about physical therapy is that it is needed in hospitals, private practices, outpatient clinics, home health agencies, schools, sports and fitness facilities, work settings, and nursingRead MoreProfessional Ethics2616 Words   |  11 PagesProfessional Ethics Paper Carolyn Smith HCS/478 August 15, 2011 Ann-Marie Peckham Professional Ethics Paper The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship among professional values, ethics, and legal issues. A person’s personal values and ethics can influence their professional values and ethics in the workplace. Finding the right balance between personal and professional views in the workplace will help foster a successful career. This paper will cover relationships between legalRead MoreThe professional Ethics2426 Words   |  10 PagesProfessional Ethics There is general recognition of the fact that journalists have responsibilities not only vis-à  -vis their own convictions but also towards the public. Summarily, four kinds of responsibility may be defined: contractual responsibility in relation to the media and their internal organisation, a social responsibility entailing obligations towards public opinion and society as a whole, responsibility or liability deriving from the obligation to comply with the law and responsibilityRead MoreCareer Ethics : Professional Ethics1491 Words   |  6 PagesPROFESSIONAL ETHICS Professional ethics in aviation isn’t something that is thought about every day. Ethics affects all of us and the choices that we make. Ethics in our careers and even in our personal lives depends on you to make better choices by considering the rights and well-being of others you work with and live with that may be affected by our decisions. From time to time people do the wrong thing, it’s our human nature to commit a mistake. Some mistakes are unintentional but human errorRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Professional Conduct1274 Words   |  6 PagesReview of the Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct of BIP The Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct (CEPC) has been formulated on the basis of article 44, 45, 46, 47 of BIP constitution, to secure the rights and benefits of the Planners community in Bangladesh. CEPC not only provide guidance and support to the members of BIP on their lead in the professional field but also offers assurance to the client who avails the services of Planners. Members have the opportunity to express their opinionRead MoreProfessional Ethics10396 Words   |  42 PagesJournal of Accounting, Ethics Public Policy  Ã‚   Volume 3, Number 1 (Winter 2003), pp. 1†26 Ayn Rand and Contemporary Business Ethics   Ã‚   Stephen R. C. Hicks Introduction: business and the free society Advocates of the free society think of business as an integral part of the dynamic, progressive society they advocate. In the West, the rise of a culture hospitable to business has unleashed incalculable productive energies. Business professionals have taken the products of science and revolutionizedRead MoreEthics Code Of Professional Ethics980 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of AICPA’ â€Å"Code of Professional Ethics† and its components, and the influence of management perceptions on firms’ ethical environment (p. 919). Introduction. The authors study business ethics, compliance with ethics code, ethical issues, and ethical behavior of company management. The researchers concern with ethical believes of company employees and executives, and growing number of legal proceedings due to ethical issues. The ethics code help professionals maintaining independence andRead MoreDuty Ethics And The Professional Military Ethic822 Words   |  4 Pagesto dominate the contemporary debate: outcome ethics (or consequentialism), duty ethics (or deontology) and virtue ethics. Passing under criticism these three concepts allows evaluating my own philosophy and comparing its compliance to the professional military ethic. Duty ethics or deontology assesses all actions based on a series of rules. This concept views the morality of any action from one angle, the respect of rules. On other words, duty ethics is the set of rules governing a group, the conductRead MoreThe Professional Codes Of Ethics805 Words   |  4 Pageslives. According to â€Å"Chapter 1† in the professional codes of ethics section, there are different helping profession and each one has their guidelines of ethics to follow. It’s a good thing to want to help people and to work in the helping profession, but to help minimize the damage that could occur there are professional codes of ethics and laws put in place. Summary The focus of â€Å"Chapter 1† consisted of helping practitioners learn professional ethics which was pointed out on the first pageRead MoreProfessional Ethics Paper1903 Words   |  8 PagesProfessional Ethics Paper Barbara Morrissey HCS/478 January 23, 2012 Ann-Marie Peckham Professional Ethics Paper Medical professionals have a responsibility to their clients to deliver safe, quality care with regard for patients’ individuality, needs, and desires. Patients seek out professional health care with their own goals in mind. Their goals may not match ours, but we as health care providers have a duty to inform and treat our clients with competence and afford them the utmost dignity

The Main Classifications of Criminal Offenses

In the United States, there are three primary classifications of criminal offenses — felonies, misdemeanors, and infractions. Each classification is distinguished from each other by the seriousness of the offense and the amount of punishment for which someone convicted of the crime can receive. What Is a Criminal Offense? Criminal offenses are further classified as property crimes or personal crimes. Elected officials on the federal, state, and local levels pass laws that establish which behavior constitutes a crime and what the punishment will be for someone who is found guilty of those crimes. What Is a Felony? Felonies are the most serious classification of crimes, punishable by incarceration of more than a year in prison and in some cases, life in prison without parole or capital punishment. Both property crimes and person crimes can be felonies. Murder, rape, and kidnapping are felony crimes. Armed robbery and grand theft can also be felonies. Not only can the person who committed the crime be charged with a felony, so can anyone who aided or abetted the felon before or during the crime and anyone who became accessories to the crime after it was committed, such as those who help the felon avoid capture. Most states have different classifications of felonies, with increasing penalties for the most serious crimes. Each class of felony crimes has minimum and maximum sentencing guidelines. Crimes that are classified as felonies include: Aggravated AssaultAnimal CrueltyArsonDrug DistributionElder AbuseFelony AssaultGrand TheftKidnappingManslaughterManufacturing of drugsMurderRapeTax EvasionTreason Most states also classify felonies by capital felony, followed by first through fourth degree, depending on the severity. Although each state varies when determining the degree of a felony, most states with capital felony define it as a crime, such as murder, that qualifies for the death penalty or life without parole. Common first-degree felonies include arson, rape, murder, treason, and kidnapping; Second-degree felonies can include arson, manslaughter, drug manufacturing or distribution, child pornography, and child molestation. Third and fourth-degree felonies can include pornography, involuntary manslaughter, burglary, larceny, driving under the influence, and assault and battery. Prison Sentences for Felonies Each state determines the prison sentence handed down for felony crimes based on guidelines determined by the degree of the crime. Class A is usually used to classify the most serious felonies, such as first-degree murder, rape, involuntary servitude of a minor, kidnapping in the first degree, or other crimes that are considered to be heinous. Some Class A felonies carry the toughest penalties, such as the death penalty. Each state has its own set of classifications of criminal laws. A Class B felony is a classification of crimes that are severe, yet not the most serious of crimes. Because a Class B felony is a felony, it carries tough penalties, such as a lengthy prison sentence and extreme fines. Here is an example of Texas and then Floridas felony sentencing guidelines. Texas Sentencing: Capital Felony:  Death or life without parole.First-Degree Felony: Five to 99 years  incarceration  and up to a $10,000 fine.Second-Degree Felony:  Two to 20 years incarceration and up to a $10,000 fine.Third-Degree Felony:  Two to 10 years  incarceration  and up to a $10,000 fine. Florida Maximum Sentencing: Life Felony: Up to life in prison  incarceration  and up to a $15,000 fine.First-Degree Felony: Up to 30 years  incarceration  and up to a $10,000 fine.Second-Degree Felony: Up to 15 years  incarceration  and up to a $10,000 fine.Third-Degree Felony: Up to five years  incarceration  and up to a $5,000 fine. What Is a Misdemeanor? Misdemeanors are crimes that do not rise to the severity of a felony. They are lesser crimes for which the maximum sentence is 12 months or less in jail. The distinction between misdemeanors and felonies lies within the seriousness of the crime. Aggravated assault (beating someone with a baseball bat, for example) is a felony, while simple battery (slapping someone in the face) is a misdemeanor. But some crimes that are usually treated as misdemeanors in the courts can rise to the level of a felony under certain circumstances. For example, in some states, possession of less than an ounce of marijuana is a misdemeanor, but possession of more than an ounce is considered possession with intent to distribute and is treated as a felony. Likewise, an arrest for driving under the influence is usually a misdemeanor, but if anyone was hurt or killed or if it is not the drivers first DUI offense, the charge can become a felony. What Is an Infraction? Infractions are crimes for which jail time is usually not a possible sentence. Sometimes known as petty crimes, infractions are often punishable by fines, which can be paid without even going to court. Most infractions are local laws or ordinances passed as a deterrence to dangerous or nuisance behavior, such as setting speed limits in school zones, no parking zones, traffic laws, or anti-noise ordinances. Infractions can also include operating a business without the proper license or improperly disposing of trash. Under some circumstances, an infraction can rise to the level of a more serious crime. Running a stop sign might be a minor infraction, but not stopping for the sign and causing damage or injury is a more serious offense. Capital Crimes Capital crimes are those which are punishable by death. They are, of course, felonies. The difference between other classes of felonies and capital felonies is the fact that those accused of capital crimes can pay the ultimate penalty, the loss of their life.

Year Round Schooling Could be a Positive Change Essay

Summer vacation. For most children and teens, the phrase conjures up images of hot, sunny days and vacations with the whole family to far-off places. We all envision lazy afternoons relaxing on the beach, playing in water parks, and going on picnics. But what happens when summer ends and the reality of another year of school sinks in? A large portion of the knowledge gained during the last school year is lost over the long idle months and must be retaught for weeks, which wastes a lot of time that could be spent learning new material. This puts students behind in that year’s curriculum, and over many summers, can add up to students being months or years behind where they would be if no learning was lost. There is a solution to this†¦show more content†¦This shows that year-round school is at least as good as the traditional schedule in helping students learn. Year-round school also allows more time for remedial classes during the breaks, which can help students who are falling behind during the school year catch back up. This is in contrast with summer school, which only occurs after school is over and students are finished with the curriculum, making students have to start a totally new class just to catch up. Remedial classes reinforce material that is fresh in students’ minds instead of f orcing them to recall something they may have learned half a year ago and probably forgotten. This once again cuts down on the time it takes to bring students up to speed with their classes. Another important advantage for many school districts is that year-round school can enable multi-track schedules. A multi-track schedule is one in which teachers and students are divided into equally sized groups called tracks (Gerard 1). Each track attends school and has vacation at the same time, but there is always at least one track on vacation at any time (1). This is somewhat analogous to our P.E. system at Johnston High. Imagine if everyone had P.E. on the same day; we’d never be able to manage students or fit them into the gyms. This is comparable to ourShow MoreRelated Abstract Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The topic of year round schooling is quite controversial and greatly misconceived by the public. Most school systems tend to steer clear of the idea due to lack of support and academic success. Year-round schooling is not for everyone. Benefits however, include downsizing of schools, the reduction of building construction, and the ability to effectively meet the demands of the community. Students and teachers are typically placed on a multi-track schedule instead of the general nineRead MoreGraduation Speech : Year Round Schooling1478 Words   |  6 PagesYear-Round Schooling Why were schools traditionally set up to give students the summer off? When schools started, most of the students came from a farming family and they needed to be out of school to help on the farm. Many people know that there are not as many students coming from farming families today, so why do most schools still operate on this schedule? While some parents believe that year-round schooling decreases family time and causes student burn out, in reality, frequent breaks providedRead MoreGraduation Speech : Year Round Schooling1635 Words   |  7 PagesYear-Round Schooling The average school period is one hundred and eighty days with small breaks in between and a three-month break during summer to ease students’ minds and let them relax. The Board of Education should make all schools in the United States year-round to increase educational time and decrease the loss of knowledge over the breaks. It gives students the same time to relax and plan family vacations periodically throughout the year, but never creates the stress of changing sleep schedulesRead MoreEssay on Improving the Quality of Education1256 Words   |  6 Pagesand thirty years, it may be time for a change. We have heard how the United States ranks in comparison to other post-industrial countries in regards to education. One idea that has proven to be successful in improving the education level of students is â€Å"year round schooling†. Year round schooling would improve the quality of education and the overall school environment. Making this type of change would b e a start in increasing the value of our school systems. The term â€Å"year round school† doesRead MoreShould Year Round School Be A Positive Impact On The Lives Of Students?997 Words   |  4 PagesDoes year round school truly have a positive impact in the lives of students? Various studies do suggest that year round school is helpful. There are some disadvantages to this type of schooling that are preventing all schools from switching to this type of scheduling. In earlier times schools were only teaching throughout half of the year so that school would be out of session when it was time to work in the fields. This type of scheduling is still common today even though only a small portionRead MoreDisadvantages Of Homeschooling1426 Words   |  6 Pagesfor educating children K-12 along with public schooling and private schooling. Homeschooling can be chosen for negative reasons, such as sheltering children or providing an easier opportunity for parental abuse. It is somewhat controversial both legally and socially with stigmas attached to it that are not always true. However, homeschooling is a form of education that has many benefits. It can provide a safe environment and be a worthwhile positive option for parents and students. With this, homeschoolingRead MoreYear-Round Schools . Think About What It Is Like To Not1854 Words   |  8 PagesYear-Round Schools Think about what it is like to not have a summer. One could not do fun summer camps, go on once in a life time summer vacations, or get a fun summer job. If year-round schools were put into place everywhere, one would only have a thirty-day summer, or less, instead of a three- month summer. They would be hitting the books at school instead of lying out at the pool and relaxing from all the stress that year of school brought. Imagine never truly getting a break from school, toRead More History of the Traditional School Calendar Essay3013 Words   |  13 Pagesthere was no need for schooling (McLain, 1973). However, as people branched out into neighboring areas, they needed to learn new skills, such as basic arithmetic to price items, measure land, and more (McLain, 1973). As a result, it became the responsibility of those who were less needed on the farm or in the factory to acquire knowledge for the family (McLain, 1973). Accordingly, children went to school to learn the skills they needed for life. In rural areas, the school year lasted for five to sixRead MoreEssay about Year Round Education: A New Perspective2525 Words   |  11 PagesYear Round Education: A New Perspective Introduction Over the years we have gained aspect to all the new technologies and advancements that have improved the educational system. Each innovation has helped in some way or another to develop better academic programs in schools around the United States. Recently, a proposal has been made to change the traditional school year of nine-months to a year-round program that has sparked controversy all over. Despite controversy though, there areRead MoreIs Year Round Schooling More Effective?2086 Words   |  9 Pages8663641 1-4 English III 9 December 2016 Is Year-Round Schooling More Effective? The world is constantly progressing without a break. Why should we take one? â€Å"Knowledge is power. Information is liberating. Education is the premise of progress, in every society, in every family†. We as people on Earth make progress all the time. We have to, the only way to do this is thorough Knowledge and Comprehension. It also takes consistency working at getting smarter not being distracted by knowledge. â€Å"A good

Our Identity Changes According to Where We Are and Who We...

Our identity changes according to where we are and who we are with. Outside influences have a strong capability to influence and alter our personal identity. Both directly and indirectly, the social contexts in which we live can change the way we think and feel, and by extension how we interact with other people and places. Immediate family, friendship groups and the physical environment are all factors which contribute to our ever changing perceptions of ourselves. Sometimes personal identity can be subtly reshaped over a gradual time frame, as our sense of who we are is modified without personal recognition that we are changing. At other times we may be able to notice our personal identity changing, through important life decisions.†¦show more content†¦It is primarily our own decision to associate with a desired group of people. The way others see us, as well as the way we see ourselves can change as a result. In the movie Witness, it is evident that Rachel is quite fond of John Book. In the scene where she is dancing with him, a change i n her identity becomes apparent. She steers away from all past influences from her family and religion, and is driven to act like John. She feels a need to relate to him, and is envious of his behaviour. Her behaviour then reflects a woman who is not of Amish belief, much to the dismay of her father. Where we are, in a general sense, refers to where we live. The aspects of where we are which relate to personal identity involve how the society is run, and its physical features. Different societies have a vast difference in laws, governments, religions, cultures and general ethics. These will then translate to how the people who live there choose to behave. A strict society with harsh regulations and punishments will cause people to be more reserved and controlled. A society with a high level of violence and unethical behaviour will usually cause future generations to act similarly. The physical features of a location can also influence behaviour and identity. For example, the residents of a society on the beach will have certain typical and expected behaviour, which then translates to a particular lifestyle. Identity is able to be influenced and altered by where weShow MoreRelatedThere Comes A Time In Life Where We Finally Reach A Point1683 Words   |  7 PagesThere comes a time in life where we finally reach a point where we begin to settle down with someone, fall in love, get married, and eventually try for a baby. People wait nine-months of long and hard obstacles to finally meet their baby boy or baby girl. One cannot help but have a certain mindset already placed for each gender that they are expecting. A feminine floral pink baby shower for a girl or a blue, masculine one for a boy. As much as we want to say that things are better now and the rolesRead MoreIdentity and Belonging Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesIDENTITY AND BELONGING ‘Knowing where you belong is essential to our sense of identity’ The quest for personal discovery is a journey which every individual must undergo. The development of a sense of self is one of the greatest achievements one can derive from life. Identity is made up of a constellation of characteristics, none more essential than the sense of belonging we feel with others. Humans by nature are social creatures and as such, we all have an instinctual desire for acceptanceRead MoreHow Is Gender Identity Influenced by Social Structures? Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is meant by identity? Firstly this essay is going to explore what is meant by identity. Identity is made up of individual characteristics by which a person is known. Internal factors such as physical appearance, personality, mental ability and sex would have an affect on a persons identity. Then there are the external factors such as family, class, religion, culture, occupation and nationality which would influence ones identity. Then, even beyond all these personal and social structu res,Read More Gender Identity and Social Structures Essay examples1293 Words   |  6 PagesGender Identity and Social Structures What is meant by identity? Firstly this essay is going to explore what is meant by identity. Identity is made up of individual characteristics by which a person is known. Internal factors such as physical appearance, personality, mental ability and sex would have an effect on a person’s identity. Then there are the external factors such as family, class, religion, culture, occupation and nationality which would influence one’s identity. Then, even beyondRead MoreHume s Identity Of A Man Is A Fiction888 Words   |  4 PagesHume believes that personal identity is not the feeling of existence of what is called the self as many philosophers believe. He proposes that every idea is the product of one impression. The self is not one impression, but is all of our impressions that combined Impressions could be pain, pleasure, grief, or joy, but they do not happen at the same time, they follow each other. Hume uses the theater analogy to explain this (Hume). The mind is the stage where perceptions make their appearance. TheyRead MoreSociety s Effect On Society1419 Words   |  6 PagesSociety has a set way of perceiving everyone in the world. There are set things and places in which we all â€Å"belong† to and if we do not fit that then we somehow find ourselves isolated from the normal population. People dream and long for the day where they can fulfill the â€Å"American† dream where they settle down with someone of the opposite gender, fall in love, get married, and eventually try for a baby. People wait for nine-months of long and hard obstacles to finally meet their baby boy or babyRead MoreCommunication through Fashion1777 Words   |  7 Pages1. Identity is peoples concepts of who they are, of what sort of people they are, and how they relate to others (Hogg and Abrams: 1988: 2) To gain knowledge of how we communicate to others through the way we dress, we have to first understand what identity is. Identity is what we choose to represent ourselves as, be that a gender identity, a sexual identity; it is completely up to the individual as a person to make that choice. Identity forms the basis of one’s pride and being accepted sociallyRead MoreControversy Of Sex Changes And The Rights Of Transgenders1335 Words   |  6 PagesControversy of Sex Changes and the Rights of Transgenders What defines our gender? Is it the fact that we were born with certain genitals? Or that our parents dressed us in pink or blue? Is our gender defined by the toys we played with as children and the interests we had as young adults? While most of us identify as the gender we were born as, over one million people in the US alone admit to being transgender. Transgender is ‘an umbrella term that refers to those with identities that cross over, moveRead MoreHuman Development And Identity Development1741 Words   |  7 PagesIn the following essay I will be discussing two particular aspects of human development and behavior; personality and identity. I will then demonstrate an understanding of two psychological theories which can help understand influences on personality and identity development. Finally, I will look into further detail at Holmes and Rahe and identity two life events which I can relate to the case study and the impact it’s had on the individual. There has been an ongoing debate within society for aRead MoreThe Concept Of A Personal Identity1366 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept of a personal identity develops as we grow. In this way, our identity shifts and changes because as we grow, we change. This evolution brings up the question of what makes up our personal identity. Is our identity qualitative in the sense that if we look the same as we did yesterday, we are the same? That theory has some overt problems in that twins, for example, may look identical, but they are not in fact the same person. Personal identity can be considered numerical in that we are actually the

Techniques for Building Strong Customer Relationships Free Essays

Your first strategy to building a strong customer relationship could be to make every customer interaction count. Don’t take a single customer for granted. Each and every interaction with a customer is a gift and should be valued. We will write a custom essay sample on Techniques for Building Strong Customer Relationships or any similar topic only for you Order Now You can achieve that by setting up a focus group made up of loyal customers. A focus group can be a vital tool to getting into the mind of your customers and knowing their needs. Another strategy is to really listen to customers. Even complaints can be a gift if handled properly and quickly. Be available and accessible when customers have questions, concerns, or comments. Humans always look for someone to talk to or share their problems with, and if you can listen more to your customers, you will end up knotting the bond between the customer and your business. I think one of the strongest strategies that are important would be to build a strong brand identity. Make it easy for your customers to identify your business or products in the midst of the crowd. Create a winning slogan, tagged with a catchy logo and a unique theme. Most importantly, make a specific promise and deliver on that promise. One of my favorites is to reward loyal customers as a strategy. This is a point that can never be over emphasized, because most businesses go after new customers while forgetting that the existing customers need to be taken care of. Introducing a loyalty program is a very effective relationship marketing strategy. Creating long lasting relationships helps to ensure long-lasting customers and repeat sales. Nothing strengthens a bond more than appreciation, and thanking customers for sticking to your brand will go a long way to make them know they are important. A simple thank you package might be all your business needs to connect personally with your existing customers. Customers want to know that they are valued and appreciated as an individual. Showing existing customers that value and appreciation encourages them to refer their colleagues, friends, and others to your business. How to cite Techniques for Building Strong Customer Relationships, Papers

Mastering Strategic Management

Question: Discuss about the Mastering Strategic Management. Answer: Introduction Human resource management deals with the management of human resources in a business organisation by performing functions, such as training and development, recruitment and selection, workforce planning, performance management, career development, etc. One of the most important functions that a human resource management of a business organisation performs is workforce planning and recruitment of candidates in order to the workforce demands identified in the workforce planning phase (Mondy and Mondy, 2014). In order to carry a recruitment process and to achieve good results, it is important that the human resource management of business organisations prepare job descriptions and job specifications (collectively known as job analysis) of all those openings that are required to be filled in an organisation. Job description is a written document that contains all the important information that is required to advertise for job openings and attract a sufficient pool of talent. Information, such as job title, job location, reporting to and of employees, summary of the job, nature of the job, tasks and duties to be performed by the recruited candidates, etc. all is mentioned under the job description section. On the other hand, job specification (also known as employee specification) is a written document that contains all the necessary information about the educational qualifications, qualities, experience, technical skills, etc. required to perform the job opening that is being advertised (Managementstudyguide.com, n.d.). Job Analysis for a Car Mechanic A car mechanic, or an automobile technician, is a person who is expert in dealing with automobile related issues. Efficient automobile technicians are in a great demand when it comes to the automobile industry as the automobile industry is on a constant lookout for technicians that are completely aware about the machinery used in different types of automobiles and those who have a complete knowledge of what they are doing. The job analysis for an automobile technician will comprise of preparing job description and job specification for the job opening. In order to conduct a job analysis or to prepare job description job specification, there are a number of techniques that a human resource manager can use. Some of these techniques are discussed below: Direct observation in this method, a human resource manager directly observes the employees who are already working on the same job post. Interview method in this method, a human resource manager can conduct an interview where the respondents are the employees who are working on the same job post Questionnaire method in this method, a human resource manager can prepare a questionnaire and can get it filled up from multiple employees working on the same job post Research in this method, a human resource manager can use various online and offline resources or existing data to conduct a job analysis (Managementstudyguide.com, n.d.). The job analysis for a car mechanic or an automobile technician has been conducted by using the interview and the research method, the details of which are mentioned in the human resource and non-human resource appendix. Job Description The job description for an automobile mechanic is given below: Requirement of a permanent automobile mechanic in the XYZ Motor Companys Virginia outlet The salary will range from $16/hour to $25/hour depending upon the capabilities of the candidates The working hours will be from 9 A.M. to 5 P.M. while a lunch break of 30 minutes will be provided in the afternoon (the lunch will be provided to the employees by the company itself). Will be required to report directly to the head technician or the service manager of the workshop Communicate with the customers and gather feedback about the problems that they are facing with their vehicles Inspection of engines of vehicles and any other parts with which the customer reports an issue Diagnoses of the issues identified and resolve them in the best possible manner Conducting day-to-day maintenance of incoming vehicles, such as replacement of worn out spare parts, refilling of engine oil, engine coolant, washer fluids, lubrication, etc. Repair or replacement of broken or dysfunctional or damaged spare parts Providing estimates and costs to the customers, which will be inclusive of all the labour cost and the cost of the spare parts Testing vehicles for any major or minor faults and reporting about them to the customer Scheduling future services Maintenance of all machinery and equipment that will be required for carrying out the job operations Ensure delivery of vehicles within the time period specified before the commencement of service of the vehicle Ensure proper functioning of the vehicles (Monster Hiring Resource Center, n.d.) Maintain a record of all the spare parts repaired or replaced in a vehicle and also of all the operations that are carried out to ensure proper functioning of vehicles. Job Specifications The job specifications for an automobile mechanic are discussed below: Should have a minimum experience of 5 years while working as a mechanic in any automobile company or a workshop The candidate must be able to relocate to the facility where there is an opening in case he or she belongs to a different region Should possess a driving licence Should have fluency in the local language that the customers will use while communicating Should be able to fulfil the attendance requirements of the company and must not take unnecessarily leaves Should be willing to work in a complex environment and dealing with complex situations Should have a thorough knowledge about the key terms that are used in the profession Should have a detailed knowledge about the spare parts, fluids, nut bolts, networking, wiring, etc. that is used in a vehicle Should have an intellectual mind so that he or she can analyse the information that a vehicle owner shares with him or her Should possess excellent knowledge about the tools, equipment, machinery and the material that is used for the repair and maintenance of vehicles Should have complete knowledge of the working of vehicle machinery and should be able to identify the faults that a machinery is experiencing Should be aware of all the safety measures and precautions that an automobile mechanic must adhere to while working in a workshop Should have an excellent physical condition and should be active while at work Should be holder of a diploma, certificate from a vocational school or should have successfully completed an apprenticeship under an expert. Candidates with valid certification will be given awarded an extra weightage (Recruiting and Hiring Resources for Employers, n.d.) Recrutiment The organisational strategy to which the company adheres is a Focus Cost Leadership Strategy. An organisation that adheres to a focus cost leadership strategy basically competes with its competitors on the basis of price when it targets a narrow market. Meanwhile, it is not obvious that such an organisation charges the lowest prices (Open.lib.umn.edu, n.d.). It is important that the organisation carriers out its recruitment process in accordance with its overall strategy. Thus, it would have to hire some of the best candidates who can ensure high quality of services to the clients even though the charges of the company are comparatively lower than its competitors. In general, there are two ways to carry out a recruitment process i.e. internal recruitment and external recruitment. In internal recruitment, human resource managers fulfil the human resource demands of their companies by hiring employees from within the organisation. Some common techniques in internal recruitment are prom otions, internal advertisements, temporary job rotations, hiring retired employees as freelancers, etc. On the other hand, an external recruitment process involves recruiting candidates from outside the organisation. Some common methods or techniques used in external recruitment are job portals, social media recruitment, websites, campus recruitments, employee referrals, etc. Some recruitment methods that can be used by the company to hire automobile technicians or car mechanic are discussed below: Job portals, an external recruitment method, can prove to be one of the best ways to recruit candidates for any kind of jobs. Thus, it is obvious that job portals will prove to be a good option for carrying out the process of recruitment. Job portals are online websites that enables candidates to create their respective accounts, upload resumes and share all their skills and techniques that an employer can review whenever there is an opening in an organisation. Using job portals, the company can make the recruitment process more efficient and fast as the human resource management of the company will be able to filter through the candidates on the job portal itself. The human resource management can filter the candidates on the basis of work experience, expected salary, etc. Recruitment through job portals would also allow the company to fulfil its strategy of focused cost leadership by selecting those candidates who are ready to work at comparatively lower prices but also have highe r technical capabilities. Further, the process of recruiting car mechanics using online job portals can have a number of additional benefits for the company, such as selecting the candidates who have the skills, techniques or qualifications that the company desires and reaching out to quickly. (Ali, 2013). One of the best ways to carry out recruitment for such job openings is through employee referrals. Employee referrals is one of the internal recruitment methods and has a number of advantages for business organisations. Using employee referrals, the company will be able to identify deserving candidates from the social network of their existing employees. To motivate the employees for putting up referrals, organisations can also offer them some kind of rewards or additional benefits. With a reward system is attached with the referral program, the existing employees will their best to bring in higher quality candidates so that they can meet the demands of the company and can also ensure a reward or an appreciation for themselves from the management. As a result, the company will have to make less efforts and at the same time will be able to vouch for high quality candidates. Recruiting car mechanics through employee referrals will also help the company in adhering to its organisationa l strategy as it would bring down the cost of the recruitment process. The process of recruitment carried out by considering employee referrals is faster than most of the other methods and is also helpful in making the recruitment process more efficient. Further, there are slight chances that the management might not find a right fit for a job opening using the conventional recruitment methods. In such cases, using employee referrals as a technique to recruit automobile technicians can help the management in making the recruitment process much easier (Rondini, 2015). Social media advertisement is costlier but is also one of the most effective ways of carrying out a recruitment process as it allows human resource management of any company to increase the potential pool of candidates. As a recruitment officer, it is important that one has complete knowledge of the place where he or she can find the most qualified, talented and largest pool of applicants and in order to achieve this, using social media for recruitment is the best possible way. Social media advertisement basically involves advertising a job opening through different media channels, such as social websites (Facebook, Twitter, etc.), television advertisements, announcement on radio channels, employment columns of newspapers, pamphlets, etc. The greatest advantage of using social media as a recruitment tool is that it allows recruitment officers to reach out to a larger number of applicants and are able to increase the pool of applicants from which they have to make a choice. Further, depending upon the target audience, the recruitment team can also shortlist the media platforms that are viewed by the applicants that the company wishes to get in touch with. Using social media, the company can share the job description and job specifications with the applicants through well prepared advertisements and receive response from only those candidates who would be willing to accept the conditions mentioned by the company. Thus, it would also ensure that only those candidates are targeted for whom the company is on a lookout. (Black, 2010). Recruitment through job centres can also prove to be effective for job openings, such as a car mechanic. A job centre is an organisation that provides recruitment assistance to the employers as well as the unemployed. Job centres in different states allow the unemployed educated youth to register themselves for the jobs which they desire (according to their qualifications) by uploading their resumes and all other necessary employment information. Further, it also allows employers to register job openings and to choose from the registered candidates for the best suited ones (Archive.india.gov.in, n.d.). A major advantage of recruiting through job centres is that it is a faster and cheaper recruitment process. Further, with the involvement of the employment experts, it would become easier for the company to carry out the entire recruitment process and recruit the desired candidates. The company can also look for certain employment agencies that deal with some particular types of jobs for which the company has a vacancy. Such scenario can further bring added advantages to the company (Careerride.com, 2015). recruitment agency can also be considered in order to recruit car mechanics. Also known as head hunters, recruitment agencies provide employers with the details of suitable candidates for a fixed amount of fees. In general, recruitment agencies specialize in certain areas of employment, such as nursing, teachers, financial services, etc. Recruiting through recruitment agencies will prove to be beneficial as it would be cheaper, faster and would help the company in selecting high quality candidates through expert assistance. The company can search for recruitment agencies, register themselves and can get in touch with these recruitment agencies whenever there is a job opening required to be fulfilled. Inducement The first inducement that would be helpful in catching the interest of the applicants right away would be the permanent job position. As we all know, job security is an important need of the candidates these days and they are better motivated when they know that their job is a secure one. Thus, the permanent nature of the job will catch their interest, would also help in fulfilment of organisational strategy as the employees will perform better and ultimately provide best customer services. The next inducement that would be beneficial in catching the interest of the applicants and in fulfilling the organisational strategy will be to provide them some relaxations, such as a lunch break and on duty meals along with a competitive wage. References Focused Cost Leadership and Focused Differentiation | Mastering Strategic Management.Open.lib.umn.edu. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://open.lib.umn.edu/strategicmanagement/chapter/5-5-focused-cost-leadership-and-focused-differentiation/ Advantages and Disadvantages of Recruitment agencies. (2015).Careerride.com. Retrieved 15 March 2017, from https://www.careerride.com/view/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-recruitment-agencies-25570.aspx Ali, E. (2013).Five Benefits of Online Recruitment.Recruitingblogs.com. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://www.recruitingblogs.com/profiles/blogs/five-benefits-of-online-recruitment Auto Mechanic job description template | Workable.Recruiting and Hiring Resources for Employers. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://resources.workable.com/auto-mechanic-job-description Automobile Technician/ Mechanic Job Description Sample | Monster.com.Monster Hiring Resource Center. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://hiring.monster.com/hr/hr-best-practices/recruiting-hiring-advice/job-descriptions/automobile-technician-mechanic-job-description-sample.aspx Black, T. (2010).How to Use Social Media as a Recruiting Tool.Inc.com. Retrieved 15 March 2017, from https://www.inc.com/guides/2010/04/social-media-recruiting.html Job Analysis Methods.Managementstudyguide.com. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://www.managementstudyguide.com/job-analysis-methods.htm Job Description Job Specification - Definition, Purpose, PPT.Managementstudyguide.com. Retrieved 14 March 2017, from https://www.managementstudyguide.com/job-description-specification.htm Mondy, R. Mondy, J. (2014).Human resource management(1st ed.). Harlow Essex: Pearson. Reddy, K. (2015).10 Advantages and Disadvantages of Employee Referrals - WiseStep.WiseStep. Retrieved 15 March 2017, from https://content.wisestep.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-employee-referrals/ Register with State Employment Exchange - How do I: National Portal of India.Archive.india.gov.in. Retrieved 15 March 2017, from https://www.archive.india.gov.in/howdo/howdoi.php?service=12 Rondini, D. (2015).9 Best Practices for Recruiting and Retaining Technicians - Article - TruckingInfo.com.Truckinginfo.com. Retrieved 15 March 2017, from https://www.truckinginfo.com/article/story/2015/05/9-best-practices-for-recruiting-and-retaining-technicians.aspx

Stuttering and Speech free essay sample

Stuttering Stuttering is a speech pattern that contains an abnormally high frequency or duration of disruptions in the forward flow of speech affecting its continuity, rhythm, rate, and effortfulness. A disruption in speech is called a disfluency. We all have disfluencies in our speech, such as â€Å"uh†, â€Å"um†, pausing, or rewording, but it is only considered stuttering when we are disfluent more than ten percent of the time. The Essentials of Stuttering Fluency is the effortless flow of speech. There are four parts to fluency: continuity, rate, rhythm, and effort. Stuttering affects all four parts. Continuity is the smoothness of speech.It is decreased by how often and where pauses happen in speech and by how many extra sounds are added. Rate is how fast or slow speech is, and is measured by words or syllables spoken per minute. The rate of information and sound flow is too slow for people who stutter. That is why it can be harder to listen to them. Rhythm is the pattern of speech and it depends on intonation, stress pattern, timing, and duration. People who stutter have disruptions that are louder, longer, and slightly higher pitched. This is what makes disfluencies more noticeable. Lastly, effort is how much mental or physical work it takes to talk. Normal speech is not effortful. It takes people who stutter more effort to talk. It takes mental effort to think ahead of time about what words won’t make you stutter and it takes physical effort to stop or escape from a stutter. Stuttering affects many children as they learn to speak. This is called developmental stuttering. Young children may stutter when their speech and language abilities aren’t developed enough to keep up with what they want to say. Most children outgrow developmental stuttering, often within four years. About three quarters or more of very young children who stutter are prone to recover without any form of treatment.Stuttering usually begins at a time when the child is integrating speech and language skills within a changing physical and neurological makeup during a dynamic expansion of communication demands, personal interactions, and situational experiences. Some children begin stuttering as soon as they begin combining words, but this is not very common. Most do not start until approximately one year later, around the age of two or three. About ninety percent of children who stutter begin to do so before the age of six. Stuttering can begin either suddenly, intermediately, or gradually.The progression of stuttering severity is often episodic, containing oscillations that range from no stuttering to mild to severe across time. Influences: Factors that may Contribute to the Development of Stuttering Family dynamics can have an influence. Some examples of these factors include parental attitudes and expectations, the child’s speech and language environment, and stressful life events. This does not mean that the parents are doing anything wrong. Often these things are not harmful to a child that doesn’t stutter, but can aggravate stuttering in a child that has a tendency to stutter.Other’s reactions to stuttering are a big problem. Often people don’t know how to react. They are awkwardly caught off guard, or they can’t wait for the person who stutters to finish what they are saying. There are good reasons to believe that those who stutter have expectancies of social harm. Research suggests that those who stutter differ from control subjects in their expectation of negative social evaluation. While these peer reactions do have an impact on stuttering, it is unknown whether social anxiety mediates stuttering or is a simple by-product of stuttering.Developmental factors are believed to be a contributing factor. During the preschool years, a child’s physical, cognitive, social/emotional, and speech/language skills are developing at a very rapid rate. This rapid development can lead to stuttering in children who are predisposed to it. This is why stuttering often begins during the preschool years. For a long period, information on the genetic aspect of stuttering was primarily based on data concerning the percept of people who stutter having relatives with histories of stuttering. This figure has varied in the past from 20% to 74%.The most recent research shows that approximately 60% of children who stutter have a family member who does also, or who used to stutter as a child. Although it is apparent that stuttering runs in families, this fact, in-and-by itself, is insufficient to conclude genetic underlining (Yairi). Professionals know that there is a disruption of speech fluency associated with stuttering that is reflected by actual differences in the structure and function of the brain. It is not known, however, if these neurological differences are the cause of the result of stuttering (or both).Research done shows physical differences in several brain areas associated with speech and language skills. Such results may indicate that theses physical differences create competing commands that may interfere with fluent speech. However, and alternate view is that these neurological differences may develop in stutterers during early childhood due to the child’s attempts to voluntarily control or monitor disfluencies (Ramig Dodge). Theories About Stuttering First is the diagnosogenic theory.This says that stuttering happens when a child becomes overly sensitive to typical disfluencies, which every child has, because of someone’s reactions. As a result, he tries hard to avoid being disfluent or â€Å"messing up† again. According to this theory, stuttering is in the listener’s ear, not the child’s mouth. The communicative failure and anticipatory struggle theory says that stuttering happens because of early experiences, such as the reactions of listeners and the environment, which made the child thing that speech is hard, and they trigger the child to s tutter. For example, if the child has a hard time talking, he may become tense, and break up his speech. Then the core stuttering behaviors soon become a part of the speech pattern that the child learns to dread. This theory says that stuttering is learned, and both internal and external influences play a part. The capacities and demands theory says that children who stutter are not able to handle the normal speech, language, and situational demands so fluency is lost and the child stutters. Motor skills, language skills, emotional maturity, and cognitive development are all needed to talk smoothly.If a child has to compete with others for a turn to talk, the child feels he has to talk fast so that you will listen to everything he has to say. This is an example of a motor demand. An example of a language demand is if a child has a high vocabulary or is trying to use big words while he talks. An emotional demand would be trying to talk while excited or upset. An example of a cognitive demand is if the child is talking with a lot of anxiety that he is going to stutter and be ashamed is he does. Last is the two-factor learning theory. This theory operates on classical conditioning.The speaker learns to associate speaking with a negative emotional response. According to this theory, stuttering is an automatic reaction to a learned stimulus. Somehow and easy, normal disfluency becomes paired with an event that makes the child become tense. From then on, a disfluency is tense (a stutter) even without the event. Some examples of what might trigger this are the child’s location during a stutter, sounds that occurred during a stutter, people or gender of persons listening to the stutter, talking on the phone during a stutter, and words or sounds said during a stutter.These things can all accidentally happen during a stutter, which gives these things the power to make a person stutter tensely when they happen again. Then, when the person who stutters does something on purpose to get out of the stutter, such as jerking their head or blinking their eyes, and the stutter stops, that behavior is now conditioned to stop a stutter in the person’s head. For example a child might think, â€Å"The phone rang while I was trying to talk to my friend this morning and I stuttered. The next time the phone rings while I am t alking, I will stutter† (Ducworth). The best way to understand stuttering is to talk all the theories and views of stuttering and combine them together into one perspective. What causes stuttering can be considered a complex interaction of five factors (CALMS): Cognitive, Affective, Linguistic, Motor, and Social. Genetic and physical factors are necessary, but they may not be sufficient to cause stuttering. The CALMS factors are needed as well (Mayo Clinic Staff). Difficulties for Children who Stutter Many people have functional lives and successful careers despite stuttering. Some famous people who stutter are Marilyn Monroe, Julia Roberts, Bruce Willis, and Tiger Woods.So, if that’s not enough proof that you can stutter and still be successful, then I don’t know what else is. There is no cure for stuttering, but speech therapy can help children learn techniques to help control their speech. Stuttering can, however, have a huge impact on a person’s self-esteem and confidence. Children who stutter often have anxiety, or nervousness, about talking, guilt, shame, fear, embarrassment, frustration, and negative attitudes towards speaking. These feelings can range from very mild and hardly impacting a person’s life to very severe and preventing the person who stutters from functioning socially at all.The negative feelings and attitudes can prevent a person who stutters from doing everyday things such as ordering food at a restaurant, speaking on the phone, or even speaking at all. These negative attitudes and feelings can stem from feeling out of control, concern and anxiety of parents, and teasing and rejection from other children, which can make stuttering worse and more often, cause avoidance behaviors, and make a person not willing to risk cha nge. It can also make it harder for improvements made in therapy to stick. Treating negative feelings and attitudes that accompany a stuttering disorder is a very important focus in therapy.These negative feelings can either make stuttering therapy harder because it requires the person to face and overcome them, or they can make it more successful because they empower and motivate the person to overcome stuttering. The bottom line is that they need to be treated and handled carefully. Time pressure is also one of the worst things from people who stutter and it is getting worse. Today’s world is very fast-paced and people are always trying to do things as quickly as possible. This time pressure is very common in our communication. When we talk to others and they don’t answer fast enough, we get impatient. We will start talking again or we assume the other person didn’t understand us. People who stutter feel this pressure to respond, plus they are stressed because they know that if they pause, the might have trouble getting started again. Advice for Teachers Stuttering is unique among the various disabilities because its severity may actually be aggravated and negative effects may increase as a result of participation in school. Because confirmed stuttering is developmental in nature, school experience may be a key ingredient in the development of severe stuttering.It is the child’s first, significant participation within organized social activity, in which the genetic predisposition to stutter is combined with environmental stressors. There are many warning signs to watch out for. First are multiple part-word repetitions. This refers to repeating the first or last sounds of a word, more than one or two times, faster than normal, or with irregular tempo. Second are prolongations. Prolongation refers to stretching out a sound at the beginning of or particularly within a word, such as â€Å"rrrrrrrrabit† or â€Å"raaaaaabit. It is important to distinguish easy stretches from prolongations associated with tension of struggle. Third is use of the reduced â€Å"schwa† vowel. Instead of saying â€Å"re-re-re-read† the child says â€Å"ruh-ruh-ruh-read. † This behavior indicates that the speech difficulty has become uncoupled from language and communication and is being felt as a performance struggle. It also indicates that the child has lost a measure of awareness due to the severity of the blocking experience. Fourth is blocking. Blocking refers to stopping or getting stuck before or during the production of a sound or word.Blocks may be anticipated as the person approaches a word, or blocking may be used to close down the system so as to draw less attention to the stuttering movement. Fifth is struggle and tension. Increased muscular tension of the articulators accompanies stuttering that has developed to the point where intervention is indicated. To overcome this tension, the child recruits additional surrounding muscles and muscle groups in an attempt to overcome the feeling of blockage. Struggle and tension may be seen in the nose, jaw, neck, cheeks, lips, forehead, and upper chest.Sixth is pitch, rate, and loudness increase. These phenomena often occur on prolongation of sounds, when the child is struggling to break out of a block and proceed to the next sound. The child may anticipate or feel that he is going to have difficulty on the sound and uses the pitch or loudness rise as a way to force his way through the block. Seventh is disturbed of irregular breathing. Upon anticipating stuttering, the child may hold his breath, take several breaths, or display other types of erratic or irregular breathing patterns, such as trying to rapidly say lots of words per breath group.Eighth is movement of other body parts. When experiencing one or more of the other warning signs, the child may jerk his head forward or back, move his arm, leg, or hand, or attempt other unusual behavior as he expects to stutter or actually experiences the moment of stuttering. Tenth is avoidance of talking. Stuttering is usually hard for teachers to notice because kids who stutter tend to avoid talking as much as possible. All preschool children are busily learning to talk. As such, they make speech mistakes.Some children have more than others, and this is normal. There might be certain children who have many disfluencies-most commonly repeating words and prolongation of sounds. These are quite noticeable to listeners. If you are concerned that there may be a problem of stuttering developing with one of these children, don’t pay any special attention to the child at this point. Rather, talk to a speech pathologist for suggestions. Also, talk to the parents about their opinion of the problem so that you know whether this is typical speech behavior for him.In most instances, if parents, teachers, and others listen to and answer the child in a patient, calm, and unemotional way, the child’s speech returns to normal as his language abilities and his adjustments to school improve. If the child continues to have disfluencies, however, you may want to ask a speech pathologist to observe him. There are children in elementary school who not only repeat and prolong sounds markedly, but also struggle and become tense and frustrated in their efforts to talk. They need help. Without it, their stuttering problem will probably adversely affect their classroom performance.As suggested with the preschool child, consult with a speech pathologist as well as with the parents and discuss your observations with them. If you, the parents, and the speech pathologist agree that this child’s disfluencies are different from other children in your classroom, you may decide as a team to evaluate the child for stuttering. Usually it is advisable for you to talk with the child privately. Explain to him that when talking—just like when learning other skills—we sometimes make mistakes. We bobble sounds or repeat or get tangled up on words. With practice we improve.Explain that you are his teacher and that his stuttering is okay with you. By talking to the child in this way, you help him learn that you are aware of his stuttering and that you accept it—and him. As you are asking questions in the classroom, you can do certain things to make it easier for a child who stutters. Initially, until he adjusts to the class, ask him questions that can be answered with relatively few words. If every child is going to be asked a question, call on the child who stutters fairly early. Tension and worry can build up the longer he has to wait his turn. Assure the whole class that they will have as much time as they need to answer questions, and that you are interested in having them take time and think through their answers, not just answer quickly. Many children who stutter are able to handle oral reading tasks in the classroom satisfactorily, particularly if they are encouraged to practice at home. There will be some, however, who will stutter severely while reading aloud in class. Most children who stutter are fluent when reading in unison with someone else. Rather than not calling on the child who stutters, let him have his turn with of the other children.Let the whole class read in pairs sometimes so that the child who stutters doesn’t feel special. Gradually he may become more confident and be able to manage reading out loud on his own. Teasing can be very painful for the student who stutters, and it should be eliminated as far as possible. If the child has obviously been upset by teasing, talk with him or her one-on-one. Help the child to understand why others tease, and brainstorm ideas for how to respond. If there are any certain children picking on him, talk to them alone and explain that teasing is unacceptable.